Satyrium crassicaule Rendle

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Along road to Chozi View Point, Nyika National Park

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Synonyms:	Satyrium fischeranum Kraenzl. Satyrium goetzenianum Kraenzl. Satyrium kirkii Rolfe Satyrium mystacinum Kraenzl. Satyrium niloticum Rendle Satyrium usambarae Kraenzl.
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Status:	Native
Description:	Robust terrestrial herb to 1 m tallgrowing from a short, stout rootstock. Leaves 8–13 scattered along stem with the largest near the stem base, lanceolate, semi-spreading, up to 40 cm long, heavily veined; upper leaves gradually decreasing in size becoming erect and sheath-like. Inflorescence cylindric, densely many-flowered, up to c. 30 cm long. Flowers pale pink; bracts c. 25 mm long at base of inflorescence, reflexed, slightly pubescent. Sepals and petals projecting forwards and slightly decurved. Median sepal oblanceolate or elliptic, 5.5–7 mm long; lateral sepals similar but oblique. Petals similar to median sepal. Lip 5–6.5 mm long very convex and hooded with a wide mouth; spurs 8–12 mm long, slender, parallel to ovary.
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Flowering time:	Dec - Feb
Worldwide distribution:	Nigeria, Cameroon, DRC, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia.
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Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Baumann, G. (2005). Photographic Guide to Wildflowers of Malawi Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi Pages 226 - 227. (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 333. (Includes a picture). Fischer, E., Killmann, D., Delepierre, G. & Lebel, J-P. (2010). The Orchids of Rwanda Koblenz Geographical Colloquia Series Biogeographical Monographs 2 Page 389. (Includes a picture). La Croix, I. & Cribb, P.J. (1995). Orchidaceae (Part 1) Flora Zambesiaca 11(1) Pages 206 - 207. (Includes a picture). La Croix, I. et al. (1991). Orchids of Malawi A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam Page 135. (Includes a picture). Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 124. Stewart, J. & Campbell, B. (1996). Orchids of Kenya Timber Press Inc, Portland Oregon, USA ISBN0-88192-357-5 Pages 155 - 156. (Includes a picture). Williamson, G. (1977). The Orchids of South Central Africa J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London. Pages 92 - 93. (Includes a picture).

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Flora of the DRC: Satyrium crassicaule
Flora of Malawi: Satyrium crassicaule
Flora of Rwanda: Satyrium crassicaule
Flora of Zambia: Satyrium crassicaule

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Satyrium crassicaule
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Satyrium crassicaule
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Satyrium crassicaule
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Satyrium crassicaule
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Satyrium crassicaule
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Satyrium crassicaule
JSTOR Plant Science: Satyrium crassicaule
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Satyrium crassicaule
Plants of the World Online: Satyrium crassicaule
Tropicos: Satyrium crassicaule
Wikipedia: Satyrium crassicaule