Haumaniastrum villosum (Benth.) A.J. Paton

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Path to Mt Pheza, Chimanimani Mts, Mozambique

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Synonyms:	Acrocephalus cylindraceus Oliv. Acrocephalus picturatus S. Moore Acrocephalus verbenaceus Vatke Acrocephalus villosus Benth. Haumaniastrum cylindraceum (Oliv.) Cufod.
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Description:	Annual or short-lived perennial herb, up to 1.6 m. Stems erect or ascending, quadrangular, sometimes with adventitious roots at base, pubescent, more densely so above; hairs often bluish. Leaves opposite, elliptic or ovate, up to 12 × 5 cm, sparsely pubescent; veins diverging from midvein; margin subentire or serrate, sometimes rolled under; petioles up to 12 mm long. Upper leaves subtending heads up to 5 cm long, uniformly green or blue or yellow to whitish at base or all over. Flowerheads 5-30 mm long, 5-12 mm in diameter with 6-flowered verticils. Calyx 1-2 mm long, extending up to 5 mm in fruit, sometimes purplish, hairy. Corolla white, pink or blue, 3-7 mm long; tube 2.5-5 mm; upper lip 3-lobed with mid-lobe entire or minutely notched. Nutlets dark brown, 1 mm long.
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Worldwide distribution:	Guinea, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola, Madagascar.
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Literature:	Baumann, G. (2005). Photographic Guide to Wildflowers of Malawi Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi Pages 156 - 157. as Haumanniastrum callianthum (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 184. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 30. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 55. Paton, A.J. et al. (2013). Lamiaceae Flora Zambesiaca 8(8) Pages 184 - 186. (Includes a picture). Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 112. as Haumaniastrum callianthum

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Flora of Malawi: Haumaniastrum villosum
Flora of Mozambique: Haumaniastrum villosum
Flora of Zambia: Haumaniastrum villosum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Haumaniastrum villosum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Haumaniastrum villosum
African Plant Database: Haumaniastrum villosum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Haumaniastrum villosum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Haumaniastrum villosum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Haumaniastrum villosum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Haumaniastrum villosum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Haumaniastrum villosum
JSTOR Plant Science: Haumaniastrum villosum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Haumaniastrum villosum
Plants of the World Online: Haumaniastrum villosum
Tropicos: Haumaniastrum villosum
Wikipedia: Haumaniastrum villosum