Epilobium hirsutum L.

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Photo: Mark Hyde
Leonard's Loop, near Glenara Avenue, Mukuvisi Woodlands

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Synonyms:	Epilobium hirsutum L. var. villosissimum Koch
Common names:	Codlins-and-cream (English) Greater willowherb (English)
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Description:	Tall, robust perennial herb, producing white underground stolons. Stem erect, up to 2.5 m tall, branching above, ± densely glandular-pubescent and with numerous spreading hairs. Leaves 6-12 × 1.5-2.5 cm, mostly opposite, alternate above, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, semi-amplexicaul and slightly decurrent; margin with incurved teeth. Flowers 15-23 mm in diameter, borne in apical corymbose racemes. Sepals hooded. Petals 6-16 mm long, deep purplish-rose. Stigma 4-lobed, exceeding the stamens. Capsule 3-8 cm, densely villous. Coma 5-7 mm long.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	hirsutum: covered with long, moderately stiff and not interwoven hairs; hirsute
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Worldwide distribution:	Native to Europe, North Africa and temperate Asia; also in eastern and southern Africa where it may be introduced; introduced to North America.
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Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 220. Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M. (1989). Flora of the British Isles. 3rd edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Page 262. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 65. Raven, P.H. (1978). Onagraceae Flora Zambesiaca 4 Page 343.

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Flora of Malawi: Epilobium hirsutum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Epilobium hirsutum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Epilobium hirsutum
African Plant Database: Epilobium hirsutum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Epilobium hirsutum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Epilobium hirsutum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Epilobium hirsutum
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iNaturalist: Epilobium hirsutum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Epilobium hirsutum
JSTOR Plant Science: Epilobium hirsutum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Epilobium hirsutum
Plants of the World Online: Epilobium hirsutum
Tropicos: Epilobium hirsutum
Wikipedia: Epilobium hirsutum